What Central Theme Can Be Found Throughout All The...

1. What central theme(s) can be found in all the literature we read this semester? Throughout the stories from this semester one key interesting theme as an adult was sex. Almost all stories had some type of sexual intercourse. In the website Merriam-Webster sex is define as a physical activity in which people touch each other’s bodies, kiss each other, etc. : physical that is related to and often includes sexual intercourse. Sex its not a excellent essay to write about, but as an adult its being mature and write scenes in order to capture the reader attention. There’s a lot of novels that have sex in it and all of these books in class that I have read they have scenes that resembles sex. â€Å"That is he, Shamhat! Release your clenched†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"She lunged and clutched and managed to catch him in her brutal grip; but his body, for all that, remained unscathed†. (Gummere line 1502) Even thought these story had no sex intercourse thorough the story it still had some physical activity between two people. As in the quote Grendel mother catches Beowulf in their fight as how the author writes it can be said that they had some type of chemistry between them. This story tells a brave person named Beowulf that saves the kingdom and becomes the king. It didn’t mention nothing specific about any sex but anyone as powerful as Beowulf could have any women they wanted. As conclusion it may not be sex a huge theme in this story, but there’s part where it doesn’t say is but it can be concluded. â€Å"Since I twelve years was of age, husbands at church-door have I had five†,( Chaucer, lines 4-6) The Canterbury Tales had a lot of relationships through the story and one of the parts was Dame Alice. Dame Alice was these women that love to have sex no matter with who it was she was an active person. She had been married with five different guys only because she was just capable of having sexual intercourse with anther person. All those outstanding stories brought some casual feelings when reading their stories especially their sexual scenes. 3. Choose one belief or perspective that is presented in the play; explain it and identify two or three instances in the play where that belief is

A Study On Bias And Selection Bias - 987 Words

Bias Although prospective cohort studies have fewer potential sources of bias and confounding than retrospective studies, the study is still vulnerable to bias. The study is vulnerable to selection bias. Selection bias occurs in a cohort study when the loss to follow-up is related to both the exposure and outcome of interest. Loss to follow-up can arise in the study, if subjects can no longer be located or when they no longer want to participate in a study. Loss to follow-up is problematic since it can reduce the power of the study to detect associations that are truly present, and it can bias the study results. Individuals in the study can be lost due to many reasons such as personal choice to opt out of the study, death, or change in geographic location. Loss to follow-up did occurred in this study. Of the 37,500 individuals, 2,700 participants were lost during follow-up. Due to loss to follow, it can bias the results by causing the true measure of association to be either overestimated or underestimated. To reduce loss to follow, is to obtain high participation rate. High participation rates is not always feasible but most epidemiologists are satisfy with participation rates greater than 80%. The participation rate of the study is 92.8%. Although the rate is higher than 80%, it is still important to consider how this bias impacts the outcome. In addition, the study is vulnerable to information bias. Information bias is an error that is due to systematic differences inShow MoreRelatedDiscrimination And Bias : The Interview Process And The Resulting Effects On Employee Selection1292 Words   |  6 PagesDiscrimination and Bias in the Interview Process and the Resulting Effects on Employee Selection Alicia Crews Fayetteville State University Abstract Discrimination and bias in employee selection was measured by assessing whether interviewers would select the same candidate from a blind interview versus a traditional in-person interview. 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(2014) obtained study subjects from an urban wholesale company in Japan, with the measurements coming from portable monitors worn at the office and at home over the course of one week. Stanchina et al. (2013) used records from hospital outpatients. The remaining studies used measurements taken from universityRead MoreThe Sociological Perspective Of Functionalism1228 Words   |  5 PagesBias, as defined by Merriam-Webster, is an inclination of temperament or outlook, or a personal and sometimes unreasoned judgement. We face bias in our everyday lives when dealing with all aspects of life and not necessarily the criminal justice system. As a part of society, like conflict, bias helps our society function. While not always in a positi ve sense, bias does have a place in society that helps it function the way we know it today. Bias in society can be compared or categorized under the

Fast Food Argument Free Essays

Fast food is unhealthy; leads to obesity and disease, but the convenience and addictiveness of it contributes to the laziness of the general population. Most people eat fast food for the lack of time then having prepare a decent meal. It seems as though there is a fast food restaurant on every street corner while driving home. We will write a custom essay sample on Fast Food Argument or any similar topic only for you Order Now The general population oversees the fact that eating nothing but these greasy foods will attribute to weight gain. Fast food is addictive for the convenience of it and in which it tastes so good. Additionally, the variety of fast food restaurants provides timely manners for people with different work hours; compared to whom works a normal nine to five job. For instance, people try dieting and then will starve their body by not eating anything at all or just salads that will go nowhere fast. The human body needs heavy calories to burn off and produce healthy enzymes and glycogen. Specifically, this helps produce bigger muscles and thicker bone density. Eating nothing at all will still not help a person get healthier because the human brain needs carbohydrates and proteins to function properly. Naturally, eating too much fast food leads to obesity which leads to diabetes, high cholesterol and high blood pressure; which then leads to laziness. Laziness is one of the biggest factors to weight gain. What a vicious circle this is; being too tired to cook after working all day, the convenience of fast food then laziness and furthermore, the unnecessary results of obesity and disease. How to cite Fast Food Argument, Essay examples

Civil Partnership and Certain Rights Obligations †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Civil Partnership and Certain Rights Obligations. Answer: Introduction The Constitution of Ireland is deemed as the fundamental law of Republic of Ireland. On the basis of the constitution, the national sovereignty of the Irish people is asserted. Through this constitution, the fundamental rights of the citizens are guaranteed, in addition to the election of non-executive president, separation of powers, bicameral parliament and judicial review (Menndez, 2015). The individual rights granted through this constitution are covered under different articles and each right is enumerated in the fundamental rights heading. Through Article 41 of the Irish constitution 1937, the rights are afforded to the family and the individual members of the family. Due to these reasons, the constitution is deemed to play a crucial role in the family unit, as being the cornerstone in the society of Ireland (Chubb, 2014). Article 41, through its subparts provides that family unit was the fundamental, natural and primary unit group of the society and that the imprescriptible and inalienable rights are possessed by this moral institution. Article 41 further provides that family is the crucial base for social order and cannot be dispensed from the welfare of the State or the Nation (ISB, 2015). The level of admiration in the constitution holds family to such a level, which has been described as family unit being placed on constitutional pedestal. However, it is crucial to highlight that the modern family covers the grey area in which the express rights have been given through outdated and narrow definitions (McCaughren and McGregor, 2017). In the following parts, an attempt has been made to critique upon these very rights, provided through Article 41. Before the protections granted under the Constitution to the family unit are analysed, there is a need to obtain clarity on what is deemed as family, in a clear and precise manner. A family can be described as such a group of people who are related to each other and this could include the presence of relationship of father, mother or children management. However, there is no clear definition provided anywhere in the Irish Constitution which can define the term constitution. And due to the absence of this definition, the courts are required to impose their very own definition of the term family. The courts have adopted an interpretation of the constitution to only recognize the family unit, which has been based on marriage (Gilmartin, 2015). This definition has been provided in the leading judgement handed down by Walsh J in the case of The State (Nicolaou) v An Bord Uchtala The Attorney General [1966] IR 567. This case saw the unmarried father, who was the plaintiff, taking an action against the adoption board since the childs mother had put the child for being adopted without the consent of the father. It was claimed by the plaintiff that he was a member of the family based on Article 41. However, it was held by Walsh J that even though the unmarried individuals who co-habitat together and the children born from this union had to be referred to as a family, and would deem to have the outward appearance of family. However, as far as it relates to Article 41, particularly with regards to the guarantees covered in it, these are only confined to the families which are based on marriages (Supreme Court, 2017). The wordings of Walsh J given in this case are one which garners interest and attention of different people, as this provides the very first definition of what can be deemed as a family as per the constitution in a concrete manner, based on the laws of Ireland. And this is also true as Walsh J acknowledged the presence of the different kinds of family units, in addition to the lack of the protection based on the Irish Constitution (Law Reform, 2009). The judge of this case also pointed towards the failure of the constitution particularly in the matter of the other non traditional family units. At the time of this decision, the cases of non marital family was not a common parlance, it can be stated in a safe manner these non orthodox family units are now a common occurrence in the present time, where the people are choosing to not get married and yet go forward with having a child (Devlin, 2006). Family Unit as a Recognized body Even though the definition which has been outlined above seems to be a narrow one, it does provide protection through the constitution over a range of diversified family units, which is based on marriages. Included in these family units are the couples having children, the couples not having children, the children who have been orphaned of any married couple, the legitimized children and lastly, the separated couples (Allen, 2007). The married couple who have children are deemed as the very basic kind of family unit which are attempted to be protected through article 41. One of the leading examples in this could be highlighted through the attempt of thee court for protecting the rights of such families as was seen in the leading matter of N Anor v HSE Others [2006] 4 IR 374. This case saw a young couple becoming pregnant and putting their child for adoption. This child had been placed with a new adoptive family and the child was put in the care of this family for around 14 months before the birth mother of the child changed her mind in September of 2005 and as a result of which, she made a decision of taking a legal action for getting the custody of her child again (V Lex, 2017). The partner of the birth mother, who had been the biological father of the child, along with the birth mother got married in January of 2006 in Northern Irelands registry office. When the matter reached the High Court, it was held by MacMenamin that the child, who had been two year old by then, would be damaged in a psychological manner where she was made to part ways with the adoptive parents. The condition would have been difference if the same case had been made two years back as after these two years, a natural familial bond had been created between the adoptive family and the child (CRIN, 2006). An appeal was made by the birth parents from this decision by the Supreme Court in the November of 2006, where the five judge bench took a complete legal standpoint on this issue. They decided that on the basis of the Constitution and the law, as was present at that time, the principle of primordial constitution provided that the welfare of the child would be served best by the natural family management. And that only a compelling reason could rebut this presumption. Holding the lack of ample evidence for rebutting this presumption, led to the Supreme Court deciding to allow this appeal, as a result of which, Baby Ann was sent back to her biological parents, in a periodical manner, so as to decrease the chances of her being psychologically distressed (CRIN, 2006). It could be argued here that by taking the child out of the care of the adoptive parents care, who had fulfilled her needs, particularly in the most crucial stages of the formative years of the child just so that the definition of family given under the Irish Constitution could be justified, was an unfair thing to do on a child, along with for the adoptive parents who had raised her as her own. It had been argued by Enright (2008) that as per the Irish law, the child was just an incident in the controlling question, with regards to the parental rights, In case such happens that the behaviour of the parent towards the child is such that it has destructive or inevitable terrible results, the intervention of the State would take place in order to put the things in a right manner. And in all of the other matters, the child would be deemed as secondary to the will of his parents. There is also a need to highlight that the birth parents of the child had acted on the legal advice of getting married to increase their chances of getting the custody of Baby Ann. This shows that in the legal community of the nation, the inadequacies are recognized with regards to the protection which is granted to the co-habiting couples through the Irish Constitution. When it comes to the married couples without children, it has to be stated that there is no compulsion of producing an offspring in order for a couple to be deemed as a family under the Irish constitution. The only thing which is recognized as a constitutional family is for the couple to be married and this marriage to be State recognized. Murray v Attorney General was a case in which Justice Costello had made a suggestion regarding the wordings of Article 41.1.1 to be deemed to include a married couple with no child as being a valid family (Madden, 2011). Marriage was described by Murray J in DT v CT [2002] 3 IR 334 p 405 as a solemn contract of partnership, which is formed between a man and a woman where a special status is given which has been constitutionally recognized and the same is not entered into for a specified period of time. Upon getting married, the man and woman enter into a bond which gets them a legal status. Upon getting into this relationship, the liabilities and o bligations are formed (Conway, 2006). This presents two very interesting points. It had been held by Justice Murray at one instance that the married couples do not have the legal right, but also have lawful obligations, which confirms that they are protected constitutionally. Also, he acknowledged that the bond of marriage is not made for a defined period. This shows that even the courts agree that the marriages would not last for lifetime and are likely to be broken, even when the religious weddings are meant for lifetime. The family recognized in Murray v Attorney General shows that court recognized the rights of the two married prisoners through Article 40.3.1 of the Irish Constitution (ConstitutionReviewGroup, 2017). This case shows a less socially advanced definition presented by Justice Costello where the marriage is deemed to be drawn from the Christian notion of partnership, in which if the consent is given once, the same cannot be revoked, resulting in life long relationship. And a married couple is a unit group covered under article 41, so even they are given the protection. However, when this verdict is critically evaluated it becomes clear that the validity or marriages without children is given on the basis of Christian notion of partnership, as a result of which, the same sex couples wedding is ruled out (Tobin, 2016). Family Unit as Unrecognized body There is a need to highlight that the Irish Constitution does not recognize the same sex couple marriage and the concept of co-habitees and as a result of this, they do not get the constitutional protections. The co-habitees are deemed as such couples who live together, where they can have children, or chose not to have them. Even though such families do have all of the characteristics of the traditional family units, save for one, which relates to the union being based on marriage. As a result of the marriage lacking from such union, the constitutional protection is not available to them. This has been made amply clear from the different cases. The judgment of Justice Walsh in The State (Nicolaou) v An Bord Uchtala The Attorney General case, it was stated that the co-habitees have all of the trappings as are found in the marital families even when the couples in such relationship are not married. And the Article 41 of the Irish Constitution only offers the protection to the families which are based on marriage (ConstitutionReviewGroup, 2017). In this regard, there is a need to make reference to the case of Ennis v Butterly [1997] 1 ILRM 28. This case acts as a solid proof that the Irish laws are biased against such cohabitation and favour marriage. The judgement given by Justice Kelly provides that marriage and family has been given a special place in the constitution of the nation, which shows that the public policy of the state proclaims that cohabitation without marriage cannot be given the same status as that of a marriage (Greene, 1996). Only when the statistics of ten year gap period is analysed, it comes to be known that in 1996 there were 31,300 cohabitating couples and this figure in 2006 stood at 121,800. By 2010, the cohabitating couples accounted to one in every twelve family units (OBrien, 2010). This number is surely bound to rise and the changes have to be incorporated in order to provide the protection to the sizeable part of society. This is particularly important as the Civil Partnership and Certain Righ ts and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010 allows the couples to be a part of civil partnerships, but does not permit the access to the institution of marriage, or the rights associated with this institution (Irish Statue Book, 2010). When it comes to the same sex couples, it had been deemed as a social taboo for a long period of time. And even though these have become a common parlance, they still are not recognized as family based on the Irish Constitution. Even though there are lot of voices being raised to allow same sex marriage, the same does not have legal validity as of yet. And till the time this is properly created as an act, which comes into force, the same cannot be deemed as family for the purpose of getting rights under the Irish Constitution (OSullivan, 2012). The rights given to the family take the form of marital privacy, as has been upheld in McGeev Attorney General[1974] IR 284, where the Supreme Court held that the state could not interfere in the decision of the couple on the number of children they wanted to have, which led to the removal of contraception from Irish law. In Murray v Attorney General [1985] IR 532, the court upheld the right of the married couples to procreate. MurphyvAttorneyGeneral[1982] IR 241 was a case in which the court held the right with the married couples with regards to tax, to be not penalized as a married couple. MacMathuna v Ireland [1989] IR 504 saw the court upholding that the social welfare codes and the aspects of taxation could not be deemed as the inducements to not get married and that the financial support was only centered around the child, which means there was no attach over the marital union (OSullivan, 2012). Conclusion On the basis of the discussion carried on the previous segments, it becomes clear that Article 41 of the Irish Constitution provides different rights to the families and the members of the families as individuals. However, it was also highlighted that these rights are available only when the family is deemed as a family. There are a number of relationships which are not given legal validity, resulting in no rights being provided even when the facets of traditional family are present in such relationship. This requires an amendment to be made in the Irish Constitution in order to include the modern relationships, so that the rights can be properly provided to the families. References Allen, A.T. (2007) Women in Twentieth-Century Europe. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Chubb, B. (2014)The government and politics of Ireland. Oxon: Routledge. ConstitutionReviewGroup. (2017) TheFamily. [Online] ConstitutionReviewGroup. Available from: https://archive.constitution.ie/reports/ConstitutionReviewGroupReport.pdf [Accessed on: 27/10/17] Conway, G. (2006) The Right to Marry and to Found a Family. [Online] University of Trento. Available from: https://www.jus.unitn.it/cocoa/papers/PAPERS%201ST%20PDF/Right%20to%20marry/Ireland-marry.pdf [Accessed on: 27/10/17] CRIN. (2006) N. anor. v. Health Service Executive ors. [Online] CRIN. Available from: https://www.crin.org/en/library/legal-database/n-anor-v-health-service-executive-ors [Accessed on: 27/10/17] Devlin, M. (2006) Baby Ann case shows 'new' Ireland is really only skin deep. [Online] Independent. Available from: https://www.independent.ie/opinion/analysis/baby-ann-case-shows-new-ireland-is-really-only-skin-deep-26355623.html [Accessed on: 27/10/17] Enright, M. (2008) Interrogating the Natural Order: Hierarchies of Rights in Irish Child Law. Irish Journal Family Law, 11(1), p. 3. Gilmartin, M. (2015) Ireland and migration in the twenty-first century. Manchester: Manchester University Press. Greene, P. (1996) Jurisdiction to strike out pleading to be exercised only if case clearly unsustainable. [Online] The Irish Times. Available from: https://www.irishtimes.com/sport/jurisdiction-to-strike-out-pleading-to-be-exercised-only-if-case-clearly-unsustainable-1.91022 [Accessed on: 27/10/17] Irish Statue Book. (2010) Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010. [Online] Irish Statue Book. Available from: https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2010/act/24/enacted/en/html [Accessed on: 27/10/17] ISB. (2015) Constitution Of Ireland. [Online] ISB. Available from: https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/cons/en/html [Accessed on: 27/10/17] Law Reform. (2009) Legal aspects of family relationships. [Online] Law Reform. Available from: https://www.lawreform.ie/_fileupload/consultation%20papers/CP%20Family%20Relationships%2031-08-09%20including%20cover.pdf [Accessed on: 27/10/17] Madden, D. (2011) Medicine, Ethics and the Law in Ireland. 2nd ed. West Sussex: Bloomsbury Professional. McCaughren, S., and McGregor, C. (2017) Reimagining adoption in Ireland: a viable option for children in care?.Child Care In Practice, pp. 1-16. Menndez, A. J. (2015) Book Review: Britain and Ireland: The Economic Constitution. Political Studies Review, 13(4), pp. 610-611. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/1478-9302.12101_77. OBrien, C. (2010) Cohabiting couples finally set for a legal embrace. [Online] The Irish Times. Available from: https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/cohabiting-couples-finally-set-for-a-legal-embrace-1.641995 [Accessed on: 27/10/17] OSullivan, D. (2012) A critical analysis of the protection of families under the Irish Constitution of 1937.Cork Online Law Review,11, pp. 1-11. Supreme Court. (2017) The State (Nicolaou) -v- An Bord Uchtla. [Online] Supreme Court. Available from: www.supremecourt.ie/...nsf/.../Nicolaou%20v%20An%20Bord%20Uchtala_1966.rtf [Accessed on: 27/10/17] Tobin, B. (2016) Marriage Equality in Ireland: The Politico-Legal Context.International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family,30(2), pp. 115-130. V Lex. (2006) N. anor. -v- Health Service Executive ors., [2006] IESC 60 (2006). [Online] V Lex. Available from: https://ie.vlex.com/vid/anor-v-health-service-executive-ors-56490761 [Accessed on: 27/10/17]